Is overpopulation still really an issue?

“What becomes of the surplus of human life? It is either, first destroyed by infanticide, as among the Chinese and Lacedemonians; or second it is stifled or starved, as among other nations whose population is commensurate to its food; or third it is consumed by wars and endemic diseases; or fourth it overflows, by emigration, to places where a surplus of food is attainable." (James Madison, Population and Emigration, National Gazette, November 21, 1791) Is overpopulation still really an issue?